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Monel 400 (K-400) Flanges are precision-engineered components manufactured from a high-performance nickel-copper alloy known for exceptional resistance to corrosion and oxidation. These flanges are widely used in marine, chemical, and hydrocarbon processing industries where exposure to corrosive environments is constant. The unique chemical composition of Monel 400 provides outstanding mechanical strength and excellent resistance to seawater, acids, and alkalis, making it one of the most reliable materials for flange manufacturing.
Monel 400 Flanges are composed primarily of approximately 63% nickel and 28–34% copper, with small amounts of iron, manganese, carbon, and silicon. This composition gives the alloy a perfect balance of strength, ductility, and corrosion resistance. The K-400 grade, often referred to as the hardened variant of Monel 400, offers increased tensile strength through controlled heat treatment, providing superior performance in high-pressure and high-temperature applications.
These Nickel-Copper Alloy Flanges are highly resistant to a wide range of corrosive media, including hydrofluoric acid, sulfuric acid, and alkalis. Monel 400 (K400) exhibits remarkable resistance to stress-corrosion cracking and pitting in both freshwater and seawater conditions. As a result, these flanges are ideal for desalination plants, heat exchangers, and offshore oil and gas platforms where corrosion resistance is a top priority.
Monel 400 Flanges are available in various types such as Weld Neck, Slip-On, Blind, Socket Weld, Threaded, and Lap Joint flanges. Each type is designed to meet specific piping system requirements. Weld Neck flanges are used in high-pressure environments, while Slip-On and Socket Weld flanges are suitable for lower-pressure systems. Blind flanges are used to seal the ends of pipelines or valves, providing easy access for maintenance or future expansion.
These flanges comply with several international standards, including ASTM B564, ASME SB564, and ANSI B16.5, ensuring dimensional accuracy and performance reliability. They are manufactured in pressure ratings ranging from Class 150 to Class 2500, covering a wide variety of industrial applications. Monel K-400 Flanges also meet the requirements of NACE MR0175 for sour service, making them suitable for use in the oil and gas sector where hydrogen sulfide corrosion is a concern.
One of the most notable advantages of Monel 400 Flanges is their ability to maintain mechanical integrity over a wide temperature range. The alloy performs exceptionally well in sub-zero temperatures without becoming brittle, while also retaining strength and stability at elevated temperatures up to 550°C (1020°F). This makes Monel 400 Flanges suitable for both cryogenic and high-temperature applications such as heat exchangers, evaporators, and condenser systems.
The machining and fabrication of Monel 400 require skilled handling due to the alloy’s work-hardening characteristics. However, when properly fabricated, the resulting flanges exhibit excellent surface finish, dimensional precision, and structural stability. These properties make them a top choice for demanding applications in chemical processing plants, marine engineering, and power generation systems.
Monel 400 (K-400) Flanges are also appreciated for their low maintenance requirements and long service life. They can withstand years of operation in harsh chemical environments without significant degradation or loss of performance. The cost-effectiveness of these flanges lies in their durability and resistance to premature failure, reducing downtime and replacement frequency in critical industrial operations.
In addition to corrosion and strength advantages, Monel 400 provides excellent weldability and brazing characteristics, allowing seamless integration into existing piping systems. The material’s toughness and resistance to cavitation and erosion make it particularly effective in handling brine, saltwater, and steam. It is widely used in pump shafts, valve components, and process equipment that demands reliability under severe conditions.
Specification Table
| Specifications | Monel 400 / K400 Flanges |
|---|---|
| Standard | ASME/ANSI B16.5, B16.47 Series A & B, MSS SP-44, DIN, EN, BS, ISO |
| Size Range | ½” to 48” (Nominal Pipe Size) |
| Pressure Rating | 150#, 300#, 400#, 600#, 900#, 1500#, 2500# |
| Flange Face Type | Raised Face (RF), Flat Face (FF), Ring Type Joint (RTJ) |
| Types | Weld Neck, Slip On, Blind, Socket Weld, Threaded, Lap Joint, Orifice, Long Weld Neck, Reducing Flanges |
| Material Grade | Monel 400 / UNS N04400 / WNR 2.4360 |
| Density | 8.8 g/cm³ |
| Melting Point | 1300°C – 1350°C (2370°F – 2460°F) |
| Manufacturing Process | Forged, Heat Treated, and Machined |
| Applications | Chemical Processing, Marine Engineering, Hydrocarbon Processing, Heat Exchangers, Valves & Pumps |
Chemical Composition (Typical ranges for SSK400)
Note: Values are typical ranges. Final composition will be confirmed on MTC provided per lot.
| Element | Content (%) |
|---|---|
| Nickel (Ni) | 63.0 min |
| Copper (Cu) | 28.0 - 34.0 |
| Iron (Fe) | 2.5 max |
| Manganese (Mn) | 2.0 max |
| Silicon (Si) | 0.5 max |
| Sulfur (S) | 0.024 max |
| Carbon (C) | 0.3 max |
Mechanical Properties (Typical)
| Properties | Metric | Imperial |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile Strength | 517 MPa | 75 ksi |
| Yield Strength (0.2% Offset) | 172 MPa | 25 ksi |
| Elongation | 35% | 35% |
| Hardness, Rockwell B | 65 HRB | 65 HRB |
| Modulus of Elasticity | 179 GPa | 26,000 ksi |
| Melting Point | 1300 – 1350°C | 2370 – 2460°F |
| Density | 8.8 g/cm³ | 0.318 lb/in³ |
Equivalent Grades
| Standard | Equivalent Grade |
|---|---|
| UNS | N04400 |
| Werkstoff Nr. | 2.4360 / 2.4361 |
| AFNOR | NU-30M |
| BS | NA 13 |
| GOST | МНЖМц 28-2.5-1.5 |
| JIS | NW 4400 |
| EN | NiCu30Fe |
| ISO | NiCu30Fe |
Dimension & Weight Chart (Selected common sizes)
Below is a representative chart showing outside diameter, wall thickness, inside diameter, cross-sectional area of metal and calculated weight per metre (kg/m). Values are calculated using density = 7.93 g/cm³ and are for guidance — use actual MTC values for procurement & engineering.
| Nominal Pipe Size (NPS) | Outside Diameter (mm) | Thickness (mm) | Raised Face Dia (mm) | Bolt Circle Dia (mm) | No. of Bolts | Approx Weight (kg) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ½" | 89 | 11.2 | 35 | 60.3 | 4 | 0.9 |
| ¾" | 98 | 12.7 | 44 | 69.9 | 4 | 1.1 |
| 1" | 108 | 14.3 | 51 | 79.4 | 4 | 1.5 |
| 1¼" | 117 | 15.9 | 64 | 88.9 | 4 | 1.9 |
| 1½" | 127 | 17.5 | 73 | 98.4 | 4 | 2.4 |
| 2" | 152 | 19.1 | 92 | 120.7 | 4 | 3.6 |
| 3" | 191 | 23.9 | 127 | 152.4 | 4 | 6.5 |
| 4" | 229 | 23.9 | 157 | 190.5 | 8 | 9.2 |
| 6" | 279 | 25.4 | 216 | 241.3 | 8 | 14.5 |
| 8" | 343 | 28.6 | 270 | 298.5 | 8 | 23.0 |
| 10" | 406 | 30.2 | 324 | 362.0 | 12 | 33.5 |
| 12" | 483 | 31.8 | 381 | 431.8 | 12 | 49.0 |
Common Types Of Flangess
Ring Flanges
Type of Flanges
General Flanges
Stainless 400 Pipe Flanges
ASME B16.5 Flanges
Stainless 400 Flanges
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
What are Monel 400 / K400 Flanges?
Monel 400 / K400 Flanges are made from a nickel-copper alloy known for exceptional resistance to seawater, steam, and corrosive chemicals. These flanges are commonly used in marine and chemical processing applications due to their excellent mechanical strength and thermal stability.
What standards are Monel 400 Flanges manufactured to?
Monel 400 Flanges are manufactured according to international standards such as ASME B16.5, ASME B16.47, MSS SP-44, DIN, EN, and BS standards to ensure dimensional accuracy and pressure compatibility.
What is the chemical composition of Monel 400 / K400?
The alloy primarily consists of 63% Nickel (Ni) and 28–34% Copper (Cu), with small amounts of Iron, Manganese, Silicon, Sulfur, and Carbon for improved strength and corrosion resistance.
Where are Monel 400 Flanges commonly used?
These flanges are used in marine engineering, offshore platforms, chemical processing, hydrocarbon plants, heat exchangers, and pumps where superior resistance to saltwater and acids is required.
What types of Monel 400 / K400 Flanges are available?
Available types include Weld Neck, Slip On, Blind, Socket Weld, Threaded, Lap Joint, Orifice, Long Weld Neck, and Reducing Flanges. Each type serves specific pressure and piping design requirements.
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