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Monel 400/K400 Round Bar is a solid-solution nickel-copper alloy known for its exceptional resistance to corrosion and excellent mechanical properties. It contains a high percentage of nickel and copper, which allows it to perform efficiently in both acidic and alkaline environments. Monel 400/K400 Round Bar exhibits superior strength, toughness, and durability across a wide temperature range. It is particularly resistant to seawater and steam at high temperatures. This makes it ideal for marine, chemical, and engineering applications where long-term corrosion resistance is essential.
The chemical composition of Monel 400/K400 Round Bar includes approximately 67% nickel and 30% copper, with small amounts of iron, manganese, and silicon. This composition gives the alloy its outstanding resistance to a variety of corrosive environments, including hydrofluoric acid, saltwater, and alkalis. Monel 400/K400 Round Bar maintains its structure and strength even under reducing conditions. It is immune to stress-corrosion cracking and pitting, ensuring dependable performance in harsh service conditions. This makes it a preferred choice for critical industrial components.
Monel 400/K400 Round Bar exhibits excellent mechanical strength and toughness at both ambient and sub-zero temperatures. It retains its ductility and impact resistance even in cryogenic applications. The alloy is non-magnetic and offers good weldability, machinability, and formability. Monel 400/K400 Round Bar can be fabricated easily into various shapes without compromising its mechanical integrity. Its strength, combined with resistance to corrosive environments, ensures consistent performance in demanding operations.
One of the key advantages of Monel 400/K400 Round Bar is its remarkable resistance to seawater and marine environments. It performs exceptionally well in brine, salt spray, and high-moisture atmospheres. Monel 400/K400 Round Bar also resists corrosion from sulfuric, hydrofluoric, and hydrochloric acids, especially when deaerated. This makes it a popular material for marine engineering, pump shafts, valves, and heat exchangers. Its ability to resist biofouling and chloride stress cracking further enhances its suitability for offshore applications.
Monel 400/K400 Round Bar can be readily fabricated and welded using standard industrial techniques. It supports various processes such as hot and cold working, machining, and welding without the need for post-weld heat treatment. However, machining requires slower speeds and rigid tooling due to its work-hardening characteristics. Monel 400/K400 Round Bar can be annealed to improve ductility and relieve internal stresses. Its smooth surface finish and excellent dimensional accuracy make it suitable for high-precision engineering components.
Applications of Monel 400/K400 Round Bar are found in industries such as marine, chemical, oil and gas, and aerospace. It is used in pump and propeller shafts, heat exchangers, condenser tubes, and fasteners exposed to corrosive environments. The alloy performs reliably in hydrocarbon processing plants and desalination units. Monel 400/K400 Round Bar provides a long service life even under high-pressure and high-temperature conditions. Its superior resistance to oxidation and corrosion ensures minimal maintenance and downtime.
In conclusion, Monel 400/K400 Round Bar is a high-performance nickel-copper alloy offering an excellent balance of strength, corrosion resistance, and durability. It performs exceptionally in marine, chemical, and industrial environments where other materials might fail. Monel 400/K400 Round Bar provides superior resistance to acids, alkalis, and seawater, ensuring long-lasting performance. Its ease of fabrication and high mechanical stability make it a versatile choice for critical engineering applications. Overall, it remains one of the most trusted alloys for corrosion-resistant service.
Specification Table
| Specification | Details |
|---|---|
| Standard | ASTM B164 / ASME SB164 |
| Grade | Monel 400 / K400 |
| UNS Number | N04400 |
| EN Designation | 2.4360 / 2.4361 |
| Material Type | Nickel-Copper Alloy |
| Form | Round Bar, Rod, Bright Bar, Hex Bar, Square Bar, Forged Bar |
| Diameter Range | 5 mm to 500 mm (custom sizes available) |
| Length | 100 mm to 6000 mm (custom cut lengths available) |
| Finish | Bright, Polished, Black, Peeled, Turned, Ground |
| Condition | Hot Rolled, Cold Drawn, Annealed, Solution Annealed |
| Tensile Strength | 480 MPa (min) |
| Yield Strength | 170 MPa (min) |
| Elongation | 35% (min) |
| Melting Point | 1300°C - 1350°C |
| Density | 8.80 g/cm³ |
| Applications | Marine Engineering, Chemical Processing, Heat Exchangers, Pumps, Valves, Oil & Gas Equipment |
Chemical Composition (Typical ranges for SS400/K400)
Note: Values are typical ranges. Final composition will be confirmed on MTC provided per lot.
| Element | Percentage (%) |
|---|---|
| Nickel (Ni) | 63.0 min |
| Copper (Cu) | 28.0 - 34.0 |
| Iron (Fe) | 2.5 max |
| Manganese (Mn) | 2.0 max |
| Silicon (Si) | 0.5 max |
| Sulfur (S) | 0.024 max |
| Carbon (C) | 0.3 max |
Mechanical Properties (Typical)
| Property | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile Strength (min) | 480 | MPa |
| Yield Strength (0.2% Proof, min) | 170 | MPa |
| Elongation (min) | 35 | % |
| Hardness (Brinell, max) | 110 | HB |
| Density | 8.80 | g/cm³ |
| Melting Point | 1300 - 1350 | °C |
| Modulus of Elasticity | 179 | GPa |
| Poisson’s Ratio | 0.32 | - |
| Thermal Conductivity | 21.8 | W/m·K |
| Electrical Resistivity | 5.47 × 10⁻⁷ | Ω·m |
Equivalent 400/K400s
| Standard | Equivalent Grade |
|---|---|
| UNS | N04400 |
| WNR | 2.4360 / 2.4361 |
| AFNOR | NU-30M |
| BS | NA 13 |
| EN | NiCu30Fe |
| JIS | NW 4400 |
| GOST | МНЖМц 28-2.5-1.5 |
| ISO | NiCu30Fe |
| DIN | 2.4360 |
| Trade Name | Monel 400 / Alloy 400 / K400 |
Dimension & Weight Chart (Selected common sizes)
Below is a representative chart showing outside diameter, wall thickness, inside diameter, cross-sectional area of metal and calculated weight per metre (kg/m). Values are calculated using density = 7.93 g/cm³ and are for guidance — use actual MTC values for procurement & engineering.
| Diameter (mm) | Cross Sectional Area (mm²) | Weight per Meter (kg/m) |
|---|---|---|
| 6 | 28.27 | 0.25 |
| 8 | 50.27 | 0.44 |
| 10 | 78.54 | 0.69 |
| 12 | 113.10 | 1.00 |
| 16 | 201.06 | 1.78 |
| 20 | 314.16 | 2.78 |
| 25 | 490.87 | 4.34 |
| 30 | 706.86 | 6.26 |
| 40 | 1256.64 | 11.13 |
| 50 | 1963.50 | 17.39 |
| 60 | 2827.43 | 25.05 |
| 70 | 3848.45 | 34.06 |
| 80 | 5026.55 | 44.43 |
| 90 | 6361.73 | 56.15 |
| 100 | 7853.98 | 69.23 |
Types Of 400 K400 Round Bars and Tubes
Stainless Steel Round Bar
Monel 400 K400 Round Bar
Hastelloy Round Bar
Inconel 600 Round Bar
Nickel Alloy Round Bar
Super Duplex Round Bar
Monel K500 Round Bar
Inconel 625 Round Bar
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
What is Monel 400 / K400 Round Bar?
Monel 400 / K400 Round Bar is a solid-solution nickel-copper alloy (UNS N04400) known for its exceptional corrosion resistance, high strength, and excellent mechanical properties in a wide range of temperatures and environments.
What are the main chemical elements in Monel 400?
Monel 400 primarily contains approximately 63% Nickel and 30–34% Copper, with small amounts of Iron, Manganese, Silicon, and Carbon.
What is the difference between Monel 400 and K400?
K400 is a variation of Monel 400 that has been strengthened through controlled thermal treatment and cold working. It provides higher mechanical strength while maintaining the same corrosion resistance as standard Monel 400.
What are the mechanical properties of Monel 400 Round Bar?
Monel 400 Round Bar typically has a tensile strength of 480 MPa, yield strength of 170 MPa, elongation of 35%, and a hardness of around 110 HB. It performs well across temperatures up to 550°C.
What standards apply to Monel 400 / K400 Round Bars?
Monel 400 / K400 Round Bars are manufactured according to ASTM B164 and ASME SB164 standards, ensuring high quality and consistency for industrial applications.
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