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Stainless Steel 321 Round Bar is a titanium-stabilized austenitic stainless steel known for its excellent resistance to intergranular corrosion. The addition of titanium prevents carbide precipitation during welding and high-temperature exposure, ensuring superior stability and strength. Stainless Steel 321 Round Bar retains its toughness and mechanical integrity in environments with frequent thermal cycling. It performs well in oxidizing and mildly corrosive conditions, making it ideal for heat treatment equipment and chemical processing applications. This alloy offers a perfect combination of durability, formability, and resistance to high heat.
The chemical composition of Stainless Steel 321 Round Bar includes chromium, nickel, and titanium, which enhance its strength and corrosion resistance. The titanium addition improves its resistance to sensitization, particularly in temperatures between 425°C and 850°C. Stainless Steel 321 Round Bar offers better high-temperature stability compared to 304 stainless steel. It resists oxidation up to 870°C in continuous service and 925°C in intermittent exposure. These characteristics make it suitable for exhaust manifolds, furnace parts, and thermal processing equipment.
Stainless Steel 321 Round Bar provides excellent performance under both high-temperature and high-stress conditions. It maintains high creep and tensile strength, ensuring long-term reliability in extreme environments. The alloy’s microstructure remains stable even after prolonged exposure to heat, preventing degradation and distortion. Stainless Steel 321 Round Bar is used extensively in heat exchangers, refinery equipment, and pressure vessels. Its ability to resist scaling and corrosion makes it one of the most reliable materials for industrial heating systems.
One of the key advantages of Stainless Steel 321 Round Bar is its excellent weldability and formability. The titanium content minimizes the risk of chromium carbide formation, making it ideal for welded structures exposed to elevated temperatures. Stainless Steel 321 Round Bar can be easily machined and fabricated into complex shapes while maintaining strength and integrity. It performs well in applications involving frequent temperature changes or continuous heating. This alloy’s balanced combination of toughness and thermal stability makes it suitable for demanding applications.
Stainless Steel 321 Round Bar demonstrates exceptional resistance to oxidation and scaling at high temperatures, which enhances its performance in exhaust and heating systems. Its corrosion resistance is particularly beneficial in environments containing organic acids and mildly oxidizing agents. The alloy’s mechanical strength and surface finish make it ideal for components that require both performance and aesthetics. Stainless Steel 321 Round Bar also offers good fatigue resistance, ensuring reliability under cyclic stress. It remains one of the most dependable materials for high-temperature industrial use.
Industries such as aerospace, petrochemical, power generation, and marine rely on Stainless Steel 321 Round Bar for its durability and corrosion resistance. It is commonly used in turbine components, exhaust systems, expansion joints, and heat exchanger tubing. The alloy’s ability to retain strength and resist cracking at high temperatures makes it ideal for prolonged service applications. Stainless Steel 321 Round Bar ensures minimal maintenance and excellent long-term performance. Its adaptability across various industrial environments adds to its popularity among engineers.
In conclusion, Stainless Steel 321 Round Bar is a high-quality, titanium-stabilized alloy that offers exceptional heat and corrosion resistance. It combines strength, durability, and weldability, making it ideal for applications in high-temperature and corrosive environments. Stainless Steel 321 Round Bar ensures reliable performance, structural integrity, and long service life. Its versatility makes it suitable for a wide range of industrial and engineering purposes. Overall, it remains a trusted material for industries that demand strength, stability, and resistance to extreme conditions.
Specification Table
| Property | Specification / Value |
|---|---|
| Grade | SS 321 |
| Type | Austenitic Stainless Steel |
| Standard | ASTM A276, ASTM A479 |
| Form | Round Bar, Rod |
| Surface Finish | Hot Rolled, Cold Drawn, Polished |
| Diameter Range | 6 mm to 300 mm (custom sizes available) |
| Length | 1000 mm to 6000 mm (custom lengths available) |
| Density | 8.0 g/cm³ |
| Melting Point | 1450°C – 1510°C |
| Typical Applications | Aerospace, Chemical Industry, Heat Exchangers, Exhaust Systems, High-Temperature Components |
Chemical Composition (Typical ranges for SS321)
Note: Values are typical ranges. Final composition will be confirmed on MTC provided per lot.
| Element | Content (%) |
|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | ≤ 0.08 |
| Manganese (Mn) | ≤ 2.00 |
| Phosphorus (P) | ≤ 0.045 |
| Sulfur (S) | ≤ 0.03 |
| Silicon (Si) | ≤ 1.00 |
| Chromium (Cr) | 17.0 – 19.0 |
| Nickel (Ni) | 9.0 – 12.0 |
| Titanium (Ti) | 5 × C min – 0.70 |
| Iron (Fe) | Balance |
Mechanical Properties (Typical)
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Tensile Strength (UTS) | 515 – 827 MPa |
| Yield Strength (0.2% Offset) | 205 MPa (min) |
| Elongation (in 50 mm) | 40% (min) |
| Hardness (Brinell) | ≤ 201 HB |
| Hardness (Rockwell B) | ≤ 92 HRB |
| Modulus of Elasticity | 193 GPa |
| Poisson’s Ratio | 0.27 – 0.30 |
| Impact Toughness | ≥ 50 J at room temperature |
| Operating Temperature | Up to 870°C (1600°F) |
Equivalent Grades
| Standard | Equivalent Grade |
|---|---|
| AISI / SAE | 321 |
| ASTM | A276 / A479 |
| EN / DIN | 1.4541 / X6CrNiTi18-10 |
| JIS | SUH 310 |
| GB / Chinese Standard | 0Cr18Ni9Ti |
| UNI / Italian Standard | X6CrNiTi18-10 |
| AFNOR / French Standard | Z2CN18-10 |
Dimension & Weight Chart (Selected common sizes)
Below is a representative chart showing outside diameter, wall thickness, inside diameter, cross-sectional area of metal and calculated weight per metre (kg/m). Values are calculated using density = 7.93 g/cm³ and are for guidance — use actual MTC values for procurement & engineering.
| Diameter (mm) | Weight per Meter (kg/m) |
|---|---|
| 6 | 0.222 |
| 8 | 0.395 |
| 10 | 0.617 |
| 12 | 0.888 |
| 16 | 1.579 |
| 20 | 2.467 |
| 25 | 3.854 |
| 32 | 6.313 |
| 40 | 9.864 |
| 50 | 15.42 |
| 60 | 22.0 |
| 80 | 39.2 |
| 100 | 61.6 |
| 120 | 88.0 |
| 150 | 137.0 |
Types Of 321 Round Bars and Tubes
Stainless Steel Round Bar
Monel 400 K400 Round Bar
Hastelloy Round Bar
Inconel 600 Round Bar
Nickel Alloy Round Bar
Super Duplex Round Bar
Monel K500 Round Bar
Inconel 625 Round Bar
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
What is Stainless Steel 321 Round & Bar?
Stainless Steel 321 Round & Bar is a titanium-stabilized austenitic stainless steel designed to resist intergranular corrosion and maintain high strength at elevated temperatures. It is widely used in aerospace, chemical, and power generation industries.
What are the key features of SS 321 Round & Bar?
Key features include excellent corrosion resistance, high-temperature stability up to 870°C, good mechanical properties, and resistance to stress corrosion cracking.
What are the chemical compositions of SS 321?
SS 321 contains Carbon ≤ 0.08%, Chromium 17–19%, Nickel 9–12%, Titanium 5×C min–0.70%, Manganese ≤ 2.0%, Silicon ≤ 1.0%, Phosphorus ≤ 0.045%, Sulfur ≤ 0.03%, with Iron as the balance.
Where is SS 321 Round & Bar commonly used?
It is used in heat exchangers, exhaust systems, furnace parts, chemical processing equipment, and aerospace components where high temperature and corrosion resistance are required.
What standards does SS 321 Round & Bar conform to?
SS 321 typically conforms to ASTM A276, ASTM A479, AISI/SAE 321, and equivalent international standards such as EN 1.4541 and JIS SUH 310.
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